It is stable in dry air, but gradually hydrolyses in contact with moisture to acetic and salicylic acids. The name is ultimately a blend of the prefix a(cetyl) + spir Spiraea, the meadowsweet plant genus from which the acetylsalicylic acid was originally derived at Bayer + -in, the common chemical suffix.Īspirin decomposes rapidly in solutions of ammonium acetate or the acetates, carbonates, citrates, or hydroxides of the alkali metals. The word Aspirin was Bayer's brand name however, their rights to the trademark were lost or sold in many countries. Īspirin's popularity grew over the first half of the 20th century, leading to competition between many brands and formulations. : 69–75 By 1899, Bayer had named it "Aspirin" and sold it around the world. In 1897, scientists at the Bayer company began studying acetylsalicylic acid as a less-irritating replacement medication for common salicylate medicines. In 2019, it was the 38th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 18 million prescriptions. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. : 69–75Īspirin is one of the most widely used medications globally, with an estimated 40,000 tonnes (44,000 tons) (50 to 120 billion pills) consumed each year. Over the next 50 years, other chemists established the chemical structure and devised more efficient production methods. In 1853, chemist Charles Frédéric Gerhardt treated the medicine sodium salicylate with acetyl chloride to produce acetylsalicylic acid for the first time. Ī precursor to aspirin found in leaves from the willow tree (genus Salix) has been used for its health effects for at least 2,400 years. High doses may result in ringing in the ears. It is not generally recommended in children with infections because of the risk of Reye syndrome. Aspirin is not recommended in the last part of pregnancy. Bleeding risk is greater among those who are older, drink alcohol, take other NSAIDs, or are on other blood thinners. More significant side effects include stomach ulcers, stomach bleeding, and worsening asthma. One common adverse effect is an upset stomach. Aspirin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and works similarly to other NSAIDs but also suppresses the normal functioning of platelets. For pain or fever, effects typically begin within 30 minutes. Īspirin is also used long-term to help prevent further heart attacks, ischaemic strokes, and blood clots in people at high risk.
Specific inflammatory conditions which aspirin is used to treat include Kawasaki disease, pericarditis, and rheumatic fever. Aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid ( ASA), is a medication used to reduce pain, fever, or inflammation.
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